In networking and communications, the formats, codes and procedures for transmitting a unit of data (frame, packet) from one node to another. Known as a "layer 2 protocol," the data link protocol is ...

I was reading a murder mystery yesterday where a critical plot point was that the villain's MAC address was captured in Apache logs. That appears to be nonsense: IP address yes, MAC, no. He was using ...

We met Mr. Murphy, of “What can go wrong, will” infamy, in the introduction to failure modes and the discussion of failure modes at the foundation levels. Now we will learn his tricks on shared media ...

The communications technology of the public Internet, local area networks (LANs) and most wide area networks (WANs). The Internet Protocol (IP) is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, and the terms "IP ...

Like many words in the English language, “network” and “protocol” have different meanings, depending on the context. In the context of digital communications, Merriam-Webster defines network as “a ...

In the previous two articles, I described the hardware and software required to build an IoT device. These devices (the “Things” in the Internet of Things) are an essential part of an IoT system.