What is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) in crypto? A directed acyclic graph or DAG is a data modeling or structuring tool typically used in cryptocurrencies. Unlike a blockchain, which consists of ...

Bitcoin, created by an anonymous entity known as Satoshi Nakamoto, utilizes a blockchain, a distributed and immutable ledger that records all transactions in a linear fashion. Each block in the chain ...

The more time you spend in the blockchain and cryptocurrency industry, the more you encounter some fairly arcane technologies and their accompanying terminologies. Blockchain technology, which started ...

We present results that allow the researcher in certain cases to determine the direction of the bias that arises when control for confounding is inadequate. The results are given within the context of ...

The concept of blockchain as a standalone technology started gaining popularity in 2015. Prior to that, it was just known as a data structure underlying Bitcoin technology. In Satoshi Nakamoto’s white ...

The aim of this research therefore was to streamline the understanding of typical causal structures in both randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials in oncology, presenting concise guidelines for ...

Recent clinical trials in oncology have used increasingly complex methodologies, such as causal inference methods for intercurrent events, external control, and covariate adjustment, posing challenges ...