Rodolfo Graziani in Addis Ababa in 1937. Photo: public domain/Wikimedia Commons. A mayor and two town councillors were sentenced to prison on Tuesday for commissioning a memorial to one of Benito ...

In Rome last week Rodolfo Graziani, once a field marshal of Italy, stood nervously before a military court. Twitching his thin lower lip and fingering a monocle, the Fascist conqueror of Ethiopia ...

Field Marshall Rodolfo Graziani was Minister for War under dictator Benito Mussolini and was convicted of crimes against humanity following gas attacks on enemy soldiers in Libya and Ethiopia, during ...

Graziani (left) is seen here with German Field Marshal Albert Kesselring in October 1944 A political row has erupted in Italy after a memorial was opened to fascist commander Field Marshal Rodolfo ...

As Ethiopia remembers thousands of people killed by Italian forces in Addis Ababa 79 years ago, survivors and veterans remain angry that Italy authorized a mausoleum for the man who ordered the deaths ...

The Italian village of Affile has erected a controversial monument to Fascist military leader Rodolfo Graziani. www.affile.org Controversy has erupted in Italy after a small town east of Rome built a ...

On August 11, an ominous ceremony was held with great pomp in the small town of Affile, east of Rome. The ceremony commemorated the erection of a mausoleum for fascist war criminal Field Marshal ...

In May 1937, troops under Italian command moved into the remote area around the monastery of Debre Libanos in Ethiopia. They had been sent there by Rodolfo Graziani, one of the commanders of the ...

The Addis Ababa Massacre: Italy’s National Shame. By Ian Campbell. Hurst; 478 pages; £30. To be published in America by Oxford University Press in August. NEAR the village of Affile, on a picturesque ...

Graziani (left) is seen here with German Field Marshal Albert Kesselring in October 1944 A political row has erupted in Italy after a memorial was opened to fascist commander Field Marshal Rodolfo ...