Once upon a time, integrated circuits (ICs) were built by the same companies that designed them. The design of an IC was tightly integrated with the manufacturing processes available within each ...

Have you ever thought about how and why something was designed? Who was considered a “stakeholder” for the design? And what biases are baked within the process of designing something? These are some ...

As a prerequisite and foundation for production and manufacturing, the design of product manufacturing process plays a crucial role in improving production efficiency, controlling resource consumption ...

When Chris Kalani started at Facebook in 2011 he was one of 20 designers at the company. Two years later there were 100, and keeping track of everyone's work was a logistical nightmare. “There were a ...

It is important that engineers document the design process so that they can communicate it to others and ensure no information is lost. It is also critical for convincing decision-makers to approve ...

Following in the footsteps of the other review programs at the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Office of Pharmaceutical Science, the Office of Biotechnology Products (OBP) is currently in the ...

An approach that promised to democratize design may have done the opposite. When Kyle Cornforth first walked into IDEO’s San Francisco offices in 2011, she felt she had entered a whole new world. At ...

Process design kits consist of a set of files that typically contain descriptions of the basic building blocks of the process. They are expressed, algorithmically, as Pcells. These descriptions are ...

In a recent InfoWorld article, I introduced the concept of the Agent Tier — a runtime architecture that separates deterministic enterprise execution from contextual reasoning. The core idea was ...

Process validation is crucial for ensuring the quality of final products and the safety of these processes for manufacturing personnel and consumers in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and ...