Watch the Earth's tectonic plates grow, shrink, and jostle for position in this new model of the last billion years on the ...

A long-lost landmass, mostly hidden beneath the waves of the South Pacific Ocean, has taken a major step toward full ...

Several structures, a.k.a. tectonic plates, seemed to be sitting there, untouched since the evolution of Earth billions of ...

Cratons are thick and relatively cold, making them very durable during earth’s history. Continents, and their craton cores, ...

Plate tectonics may have played a larger role in the evolution of life on Earth than we previously thought. | Credit: Nicholas Forder Earth's surface is a turbulent place. Mountains rise, continents ...

Planets lacking plate tectonics and sufficient carbon dioxide and oxygen could make advanced civilizations like ours ...

We know the temperature of Earth ’s inner core is very roughly about 5,000 Kelvin (K) (4,727°C). It was once liquid, but has cooled and become solid over time, expanding outwards in the process. As it ...

Contributed by Don E. Canfield; received March 31, 2025; accepted August 1, 2025; reviewed by Lee R. Kump, Stephen J. Puetz, and Robert J. Stern Continental weathering delivers particles from the land ...

ABSTRACT: Afghanistan has three major natural potentials for its development (the potential of goods and energy transit, the potential of controlling the flowing waters in the country, the potential ...

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ABSTRACT: The Paleoproterozoic terrains of Kedougou Inlier have an overall architecture formed of greenstones and sedimentary basins. Most of the work done on these Birimian formations has focused on ...